Railroad History

Passenger and Commuter Rail

Railroading Today

Rolling Stock

Infrastructure and Terms

Museums and Tourism

Miscellaneous

About The Site

[?] Subscribe To American-Rails.com

Iowa Interurbans and Streetcar Railroads

(Please note that the images here do not depict Iowa interurbans and streetcars.)

Interestingly, despite being a state that was rich and agriculture and home to very towns of significant size, Iowa interurbans were actually quite numerous. In terms size the state featured some 489 miles of interurban trackage, the largest of any western state except for Texas and California. Many of Iowa's systems were concentrated around its central regions, particularly Des Moines which had several lines either directly radiating from its downtown area or were located nearby. The state's most well known operation was the Cedar Rapids & Iowa City Railway, affectionately known as the Crandic. The company was able to put together a substantial freight business and as such, still survives today as a common shortline freight railroad. Another well known line in the state is what is today known as the Iowa Traction Railroad that dates back to the Mason City & Clear Lake Railway of the late 19th century. It too carries on as a shortline today.

The state of Iowa was unique in that many of its interurban systems did not follow the typical pattern of eastern lines, which paralleled common railroads and often times did not attempt, or have any interest (initially anyway), in developing a rich carload freight business. Instead, many of its interurbans followed the more common pattern of western systems which looked to operate as freight feeder systems for the main line railroads just as much as any passenger services they provided. This was helped by the fact that one of Iowa's largest railroads, the Chicago Great Western Railway, was quite negotiable with the state's interurbans and interchanged freight with them regularly. As such, more than 60% of Iowa's original interurban network remained in operation for freight use through the 1960s. The information below includes short paragraph descriptions of most Iowa interurbans and streetcars.

Cedar Rapids & Marion City Railway: The Cedar Rapids & Marion City Railway was one of Iowa's first interurbans completed in 1892 on an 8-mile system connecting its namesake cities. It later became part of the United Light and Railways Company with the interurban rail service abandoned in 1938 in favor of buses.

Charles City Western Railway: The Charles City Western Railway is the predecessor to today's Iowa Traction Railroad, the last remaining interurban freight railroad that still uses classic electric motors in regular service. The CCW dates back to 1911 when its main line between Marble Rock and Colwell was completed, a distance of about 21 miles. The railroad would eventually connect into downtown Charles City as well as a route built around the town for freight service. Its freight operation survived and carries on today as the Iowa Traction. If you get the chance, go check out the IATR in person, it's a fascinating operation!

Des Moines & Central Iowa Railroad: The Des Moines & Central Iowa Railroad began operations as the Inter-Urban Railway, incorporated in 1899 and soon after in 1902 connected Des Moines to Colfax, a distance of 23 miles. Four years later in 1906 the railroad built a 35-mile branch connecting Des Moines to Perry. In 1922 the system was reorganized as the Des Moines & Central Iowa Railroad. Passengers services on the system were discontinued in 1949 and the remaining freight business was switched from electric to diesel locomotives, which lasted into the 1950s. For more information on the DM&CI please click here.

Cedar Rapids & Iowa City Railway: The Crandic Route began operations on August 13, 1904 as a mid-sized interurban directly from the beginning serving Cedar Rapids, Iowa City, Swisher, and North Liberty (back from parent Iowa Railway & Light Company certainly helped its cause). In 1914 it looked to extend further to Davenport but after seeing profits slip and what construction had been completed, and opened, was abandoned by 1928. It continued to provide passenger service until May 30, 1953 when this was abandoned at which point the electricity was scrapped and diesels replaced the motorcars. Today, it remains a profitable shortline system. To learn more about them please click here.

Des Moines Railway: The Des Moines Railway was a small interurban railroad serving its namesake town between the late 1880s and early 1930s. It was abandoned in favor of buses.

Waterloo, Cedar Falls & Northern Railway: Also known as the Cedar Valley Road, the WCF&N was the second-largest in the state. It began life as the Cedar Falls Rapid Transit Comapny of 1895 building an eight-mile line serving Waterloo and Cedar Falls. In 1901 a 14-mile extension reached Denver and two years later it was able to establish a connection with the friendly CGW and gained trackaged rights to Sumner (it was later able to build its own line to serve the town). By 1914 it also reached La Porte City, Urbana, and Cedar Rapids were it interchanged with the Crandic. The WCF&N was quite successful because of the importance it placed on freight operations, allowing it to operate top-notch and high speed passenger service. It was the last interurban to provide passenger service when it abandoned the operation in 1956. Soon after it was purchased by the Illinois Central and Rock Island, which renamed the system as the Waterloo railroad.

Sioux City Service Company: The Sioux City Service Company resulted from the renaming of the Sioux City Traction Company, a local system created in 1899 to serve its namesake city. In 1922 the SCS became part of the Sioux City Gas & Electric.

Southern Iowa Railway: The Southern Iowa Railway was created in 1941 from several former companies which served Albia, Mystic and Centerville, which began as a route built by the Wabash Railroad. After the Wabash the route came under the control of the Iowa Central Railroad (a Minneapolis & St. Louis Railway subsidiary), Southern Iowa Traction in 1910, Centerville Light & Traction Company in 1914, Southern Iowa Utilities Company in 1926 and finally the Southern Iowa Railway in 1941. Freight service on the railroad lasted until 1960.

Albia Interurban Railway: The Albia Interurban Railway served Albia, Hiteman and Hocking on an 11-mile railroad which opened in 1908. It was abandoned by 1925.

Tama & Toledo Electric Railway: The Tama & Toledo Electric Railway was a very small railroad serving its two equally small namesake towns. Passenger service lasted from the late 19th century through 1925 but interestingly freight service remained on the route until 1954.

Oskaloosa-Buxton Electric Railway: The Oskaloosa-Buxton Electric Railway began operations in 1907 connecting Oskaloosa and Beacon, a distance of three miles. It remained in operation until 1920.

Fort Dodge, Des Moines & Southern Railway: The Fort Dodge, Des Moines & Southern Railway was Iowa's largest interurban beginning operations in 1906 when it took over the little Newton & Northwestern. The FDDM&S's main line operated between Fort Dodge and Des Moines along with branches reaching Ames, Rockwell City, Webster City and Lehigh. In total the system operated 147 miles of track. The railroad abandoned electric operation for diesel locomotives in 1954 and a year later passenger service ended as well. In 1968 the railroad was purchased by the Chicago & North Western Railway from the Salzburg interests and much of the main line today continues to carry freight, particularly gypsum. For more information on the FDDM&S please click here.

Mason City & Clear Lake Railroad: The Mason City & Clear Lake Railroad began operations in 1897 serving its namesake cities on an 11-mile railroad. Along with passenger traffic the MC&CL also had a small amount of freight business. It lasted until 1936 when rail was replaced by bus service. Today, the remnants of the MC&CL continue to be operated by the Iowa Traction Railroad serving Mason City and Clear Lake, a distance of about 10 miles. It also operates a short branch in Mason City to reach the Iowa, Chicago & Eastern Railroad/Canadian Pacific for interchange purposes. The line continues to be served by original interurban boxcab electrics.

For a small gallery of photographs highlighting Iowa interurbans and streetcar railroads please click here.

Please Click Here To Return To The Main Interurbans Section

For more reading on Iowa interurbans consider picking up a copy of the book The Electric Interurban Railways in America by authors George Hilton and John Due. Many consider their book to be the quintessential resource guide to the interurban and streetcar movement that was once so common in our country during the first half of the 20th century. At nearly 500 pages the book is stuffed full of information on trolley operations and covers virtually every topic on the subject. If you have any interest in trolleys and interurban railroads and/or would like to learn more about their history I would strongly consider Mr. Hilton and Mr. Due's book first before purchasing any other. If you're interested in perhaps purchasing this book please visit the link below which will take you to ordering information through Amazon.com, the trusted online shopping network.

Share Your Thoughts

Have your say about what you just read! Leave me a comment in the box below. Please note that while I strive to present the information as accurately as possible I am aware that there may be errors. If you have potential corrections the help is greatly appreciated.