EMD "SD70ACe" Locomotives: Specs, Horsepower, Roster

Last revised: December 16, 2024

Electro-Motive Diesel’s SD70ACe debuted in 2005 and was the main competition to General Electric’s Evolution Series™ of road-switchers.

Although the SD70 series, which was first cataloged by the company in 1992, has never been able to regain EMD's dominance as the number one locomotive builder it was nevertheless a very successful design with a few thousand different versions of the model operating around the country today.

EMD's latest locomotive model is the SD70ACe-T4, which looks to carry on the success of its variants such as the original SD70ACe, SD70MAC, and SD70M (which sold more than 2,700 examples combined).

Price

Today, the original SD70ACe can be found in operation on every Class I except Canadian National (which rosters the variant design, SD70M-2). Additionally, even regional Montana Rail Link has purchased sixteen of the locomotives. The price of these locomotives ranged from $1.5 million for DC traction motors, to nearly $2.5 million for AC traction motors.

Photos

A pair of Union Pacific SD70ACe's, led by #8464, roll west past historic Union Station in Kansas City with a string of autoracks in September, 2010. American-Rails.com collection.

Development

The SD70ACe, as with General Electric's Evolution models, was born out of a requirement by the EPA that new locomotives meet the agency's then-"Tier II" standards for diesel admissions.

In the case of GE, its new GEVOs utilized a 12-cylinder prime mover that also captures diesel exhaust and captures it as energy in storable batteries to reuse later.

While EMD had not yet achieved such technological advances with its locomotives the SD70ACe held its own and is a fine design.

Rated at 4,300 hp, the SD70ACe was essentially a more environmentally friendly version of the builder’s SD70 series featuring EMD’s 16-cylinder model 710G3C-T2 engine, along with upgraded computer systems, electronics, and the builder’s famous self-steering trucks (the HTCR-II).

The HCTR-II has aided significantly in EMD's ability to continue strong sales despite continuing to lag behind GE in research and development.

The HTCR-II was created during the 1990s and first equipped on the original SD70 designs. It used computer software to steer itself into oncoming curves which greatly reduces the wear on both truck, axles, and the track itself.

While as successful as GE’s Evolution Series™ sales nonetheless were strong for the SD70ACe. Total sales for the model by the end of 2014 concluded at 1,034 units in North America.

While the SD70ACe featured the same basic carbody of the SD70 series part of its design was inspired by Conrail's SD80MAC of 1995.

Although the '80MAC (also known as the "Conrail Cadillac" because it was the only railroad to purchase the locomotive) did not sell particularly well EMD rearranged some of its features on the longer frame.

Not only was it the first model to feature the flared rear radiator (common on GE models since the 1970s) but EMD also moved its dynamic brakes from directly behind the cab to the very rear of the locomotive. This new design feature was used on the later SD90MAC and kept with the SD70ACe.

EMD also offered one notable variant of the locomotive for North American lines, the SD70M-2. This locomotive was essentially the DC version employing General Motors' model AR20AB generator instead of the TA17/CA7A alternator.

Ultimately, it sold to only three railroads; the Canadian National (#8000-8024, #8800-8964), Norfolk Southern (numbered #2649-2778), and Florida East Coast (#100-107).

Additionally, EMD's three demonstrators of this variant went to CIT Financial as leasing units. Dimensionally, the SD70ACe is 74 feet, 3 inches length or about six feet shorter than the SD80MAC and SD90MAC.

Data Sheet and Specifications

Total Built (All Variants): 2,286

Entered Production (SD70ACe)	4/2003 (Demonstrator GM70)
Years Produced (SD70ACe)	4/2003 - 5/2015
Years Produced (SD70ACe-P4)	7/2013 - 5/2014
Years Produced (SD70ACe-P4-T4)	7/2016
Years Produced (SD70ACe TRC)	2/2016 - 1/2020
Years Produced (SD70ACe-T4)	9/2015 - 1/2020
Engine	710G3C-T2
Engine Builder	GM
Horsepower	4300
RPM	904
Cylinders	16
Length	74' 3"
Height (Top Of Rail To Top Of Cab)	15' 11"
Width	10' 3"
Weight	408,000 Lbs
Fuel Capacity	4900 Gallons
Air Compressor	Gardner-Denver
Air Compressor Model	WLASC
Air Brake Manufacturer	Westinghouse
Air Brake Schedule	26L
Trucks	C-C
Truck Type	HTCR-II
Truck Wheelbase	13' 7"
Wheel Size	40"
Traction Motors	A3432 (6), GM
Primary Generator	TA17, GM
Auxiliary Generator	GM (A8589)
Alternator	CA7A
MU (Multiple-Unit)	Yes
Dynamic Brakes	Yes
Gear Ratio	70:17
Tractive Effort (Starting)	191,000 Lbs at 35%
Tractive Effort (Continuous)	157,000 Lbs at 12 mph
Top Speed	70 mph

Production Rosters

SD70ACe

Total Built = 1,946

Owner	Road Number(s)	Quantity	Order Number	Serial Number(s)	Date Built
EMDX (Demonstrator)	GM70-GM73*	4	20026404	20026404-1 thru 20026404-4	4/2003 - 5/2003
CSX	4831-4850	20	20036520	20036520-1 thru 20036520-20	4/2004 - 9/2004
Union Pacific	8309-8423	115	20046610	20046610-1 thru 20046610-115	1/2005 - 7/2005
Kansas City Southern	4000-4029	30	20046620	20046620-1 thru 20046620-30	11/2005 - 1/2006
Montana Rail Link	4300-4315	16	20046621	20046621-1 thru 20046621-16	5/2005 - 7/2005
Union Pacific	8424-8523**	100	20046621	20046621-1 thru 20046621-16	5/2005 - 7/2005
BNSF Railway	9370-9399	30	20056729	20056729-1 thru 20056729-30	2/2006 - 4/2006
Union Pacific	8521-8523 (2nd), 8524-8620	100	20056753	20056753-1 thru 20056753-100	2/2007 - 7/2007
BNSF Railway	9330-9369	100	20056766	20056766-1 thru 20056766-40	8/2006 - 10/2006
Kansas City Southern	4030-4059	30	20066856	20066856-1 thru 20066856-30	8/2007 - 9/2007
BNSF Railway	9130-9264***	135	20066862	20066862-1 thru 20066862-135	11/2007 - 9/2008
BNSF Railway	9265-9304	40	20066862	20066862-146 thru 20066862-175	4/2008 - 9/2008
Kansas City Southern	4100-4129	30	20066887	20066887-1 thru 20066887-30	1/2008 - 4/2008
Union Pacific	8621-8670	50	20066888	20066888-1 thru 20066888-50	5/2008 - 8/2008
BNSF Railway	9305-9329, 9166-9167, 9184-9191	35	20086021	20086021-1 thru 20086021-35	1/2009 - 3/2009
Quebec, North Shore & Labrador	501-507	7	20086094	20086094-1 thru 20086094-7	12/2009
Quebec, North Shore & Labrador	508-513	6	20106364	20106364-1 thru 20106364-6	7/2011 - 8/2011
Union Pacific	8671-8710	40	20106374	20106374-1 thru 20106374-40	7/2011 - 9/2011
Norfolk Southern	1000-1024	25	20106377	20106377-1 thru 20106377-25	2/2011 - 5/2011
Ferromex	4015-4058	44	20106395	20106395-1 thru 20106395-44	4/2011 - 6/2011
Ferromex	4059-4096	38	20116402	20116402-1 thru 20116402-38	9/2011 - 12/2011
EMDX (Demonstrator)	2012	1	20106455	20106455-1	8/2011
Norfolk Southern	1025-1064	40	20116512	20116512-1 thru 20116512-40	10/2011
EMDX (Demonstrator)	4223	1	20116529	20116529-1	1/2012
Union Pacific	8711-8773	73	20116557	20116557-1 thru 20116557-73	1/2012 - 6/2012
ArcelorMittal Canada	9001-9005	5	20116598	20116598-1 thru 20116598-5	10/2012
EMDX (Demonstrators)	1205, 1201-1204****	5	20116604A	20116604A-1 thru 20116604A-5	5/2012
Kansas City Southern	4130-4139	10	20116604B	20116604B-1 thru 20116604B-10	8/2012
EMDX (Demonstrators)	1206-1210*****	5	20116676	20116676-1 thru 20116676-5	7/2012
BNSF Railway	9050-9129	70	20116683	20116683-1 thru 20116683-70	7/2012 - 12/2012
Quebec, North Shore & Labrador	514-523	10	20116688-	20116688-1 thru 20116688-10	12/2012
Union Pacific	8784-8823	40	20126745	20126745-1 thru 20126745-40	1/2013 - 3/2013
Norfolk Southern	1075-1099	25	20126746	20126746-1 thru 20126746-25	4/2013
Union Pacific	8824-8896	73	20126837	20126837-1 thru 20126837-73	1/2014 - 7/2014
Norfolk Southern	1100-1124	25	20126838	20126838-1 thru 20126838-25	2/2014
BNSF Railway	8750-8799, 9000-9049	100	20126869	20126869-1 thru 20126869-100	5/2013 - 12/2013
Montana Rail Link	4400-4408	9	20136895	20136895-1 thru 20136895-9
Kansas City Southern	4140-4164	25	20136932	20136932-1 thru 20136932-25	12/2013
BNSF Railway	8520-8599, 8400-8499, 8990-8999	190	20136925	20136925-1 thru 20136925-190	4/2014 - 12/2014
Kansas City Southern	4175-4199	25	20136954	20136954-1 thru 20136954-25	9/2014 - 11/2014
Ferromex	4100-4118	19	20136960	20136960-1 thru 20136960-19	1/2015 - 4/2015
Ferromex	4119-4133	15	20136983	20136983-1 thru 20136983-15	4/2015 - 5/2015
Norfolk Southern	1125-1174	50	20136988	20136988-1 thru 20136988-50	11/2014
Union Pacific	8897-8996	100	20136990	20136990-1 thru 20136990-100	10/2014 - 12/2014
Kansas City Southern	4165-4174	10	20146999	20146999-1 thru 20146999-10	3/2014 - 4/2014
Kansas City Southern de Mexico	4200-4224	25	20146029	20146029-1 thru 20146029-25	2/2015 - 4/2015

* Became Kansas City Southern #3997-3999.

** Union Pacific #8521-8523 became heritage units #1989 (Rio Grande), #1995 (Chicago & North Western), and #1996 (Southern Pacific).

*** BNSF #9166, #9167, and #9184-9191 were canceled and resold to BHP (Australia) as #4324-4333.

**** #1201-1203 became Arkansas & Missouri #70-72. #1204-1204 became Texas Utilities Mining Company #5308-5309.

***** #1206 and #1208-1210 became Canadian National #8100-8103.

SD70ACe-P4

Total Built = 22

Owner	Road Number(s)	Quantity	Order Number	Serial Number(s)	Date Built
EMDX (Demonstrators)	1211-1212*	2	20126780	20126780-1 thru 20126780-2	7/2013
BNSF Railway	8500-8519	20	20116581	20116581-1 thru 20116581-20	4/2014 - 5/2014

* Became Tacoma Municipal Belt Line #7001-7002.

SD70ACeP4-T4

Total Built = 2

Owner	Road Number(s)	Quantity	Order Number	Serial Number(s)	Date Built
EMDX (Demonstrators)	1603-1604	2	20156267	20156267-1 thru 20156267-2	7/2016

SD70ACe (T4C)

Total Built = 168

Owner	Road Number(s)	Quantity	Order Number	Serial Number(s)	Date Built
Union Pacific	8997-9096	100	20146115	20146115-1 thru 20146115-100	2/2016 - 6/2017
Union Pacific	9097-9104	8	20146115	20146115-101 thru 20146115-108	12/2018
Norfolk Southern	1175-1224	50	20176662	20176662-1 thru 20176662-50	11/2018 - 11/2019
EMDX (Demonstrators)	2115-2124*	10	20186647	20186647-1 thru 20186647-10	12/2019 - 1/2020

* Became Norfolk Southern #1225-1244.

SD70ACe-T4

Total Built = 148

Owner	Road Number(s)	Quantity	Order Number	Serial Number(s)	Date Built
EMDX (Demonstrators)	1501-1505*	5	20146006	20146006-1 thru 20146006-5	9/2015
EMDX (Demonstrators)	1601-1602	2	20156205	20156205-1 thru 20156205-2	12/2016
EMDX (Demonstrators)	1605-1606	2	20156206	20156206-1 thru 20156206-2	12/2016
EMDX (Demonstrators)	1607-1608	2	20156207	20156207-1 thru 20156207-2	6/2016
EMDX (Demonstrators)	1609-1610	2	20156208	20156208-1 thru 20156208-2	6/2016
Union Pacific	3012-3099**	88	20146140	20146140-1 thru 20146140-35, 20146140-79 thru 20146140-88, 20146140-36 thru 20146140-78	10/2016 - 10/2018
CSX	8900-8909	10	20176590	20176590-1 thru 20176590-10	5/2019 - 6/2019
EMDX (Demonstrators)	7201-7227	27	20186680	20186680-1 thru 20186680-10	11/2019 - 1/2020
EMDX (Demonstrators)	7233-7242	10	20186663	20186663-1 thru 20186663-10	11/2019 - 1/2020

* #1502-1505 became Union Pacific #3000-3003.

** Union Pacific #3091, #3097-3099, and #3013 were returned to EMD, becoming demonstrators #7228-7232.

Tractive Effort

Its tractive effort ratings are very comparable to the GEVOs; 191,000 pounds starting (slightly more) and 157,000 pounds continuous (slightly less).

There are also a few international variants of the model known as the SD70ACe/Ic and the SD70ACS. The former was purchased by BHP Billiton of Australia with a lower height profile to clear low hanging obstacles.

The latter design was developed for arid desert environments and has been purchased by Saudi Railway, Mauritania's Société Nationale Industrielle et Minière, and the Etihad Railway. Alas, it seems foreign buyers will be the only customers for EMD's SD70 series moving forward.

SD70ACe-T4

As the EPA increased its regulations on ever-cleaner diesel emissions it seemed the SD70ACe and its 710 prime mover were safe as the engine met later Tier III standards.

However, when Tier IV standards went into effect on January 1, 2015 Caterpillar/Progressive Rail was unable to make the prime mover compliant and there is no way to do so according to Bill Badurksi, a former EMD employee in his article "Closing A Chapter In History," from the January, 2015 issue of Trains Magazine.

While EMD sat in the shadows as General Electric unveiled its all new, Tier IV-compliant model in August of 2012 the company continued working towards releasing its own design, especially after it became apparent the 710 prime mover would have to be retired for domestic sales.

At the Railway Interchange trade show in Minneapolis on October 4, 2015 the company, amid much secrecy, finally unveiled its own Tier IV locomotive, the SD70ACe-T4.

While the model's name seems to indicate it is a variant of the original SD70ACe series, EMD states this is a brand new locomotive manufactured from the ground up.

In place of the old 710 prime mover is the new 12-cylinder, 4,600 horsepower model 1010 diesel engine that was designed by Electro-Motive, Progressive Rail Services, and parent Caterpillar.

During an interview with Trains Magazine at the show an EMD representative gave a confident and convincing interview of the SD70ACe-T4's capabilities.

While they would not go into the specifics regarding how the engine can produce 4,600 horsepower and remain Tier IV compliant the representative did state they utilize technology similar to General Electric in that diesel exhaust is captured as energy and reused within the system.

Aside from the new engine several other design features went into the model using considerable feedback from railroads and employees.

Riding on a new frame the SD70ACe-T4 is three inches shorter than the original SD70ACe to meet railroads' requests.

A larger interior cabin has been achieved by lowering the floor with a concave ceiling (high enough to offer plenty of clearance for hard hats).

An escape door on the conductor's side in the event of a rollover, and a return of EMD's classic notched windshield for better crew visibility.

In addition to these features Electro-Motive debuted an all-new radial (self-steering) truck with independently controlled axles that is said to be much easier to maintain.

The first demonstrator built was #1501, manufactured at Progress Rail’s Muncie, Indiana facility and EMD states there will be a total of five demonstrators in production draped in various paint schemes.

The company goes on to state that SD70ACe-T4 will enter production in 2016. Caterpillar and EMD have much riding on this locomotive. If it proves troublesome and unsuccessful it appears the builder will never again compete against General Electric's now decades-long dominance in the locomotive marketplace.

However, for the industry's sake having two competitive manufacturers offering high quality locomotives, one of which is the long-recognized name of diesel technology which almost single-handedly retired steam from main line service, would certainly be a good thing. In any event, in the coming months and years we will find out what kind of product the SD70ACe-T4 is and how it performs.

Sources

McDonnell, Greg. Locomotives: The Modern Diesel & Electric Reference, 2nd Edition. Buffalo: Boston Mills Press/Firefly Books, 2015.

Solomon, Brian. GE and EMD Locomotives: The Illustrated History. Minneapolis: Voyageur Press, 2014.