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B&O Steam Locomotive Roster (Post 1900)

Published: March 13, 2025

By: Adam Burns

Featured here is the Baltimore & Ohio's complete steam locomotive roster after 1900. The railroad was conceived in 1827, is known as the first fully-fledged commercial railroad in the United States, establishing a blueprint for American railroad development.

Connecting the port of Baltimore, Maryland to the Ohio River, it served as a primary channel of trade and transport, vital in establishing Baltimore as a force in US commerce.

Chartered to build a line from Baltimore to the Ohio River, the B&O faced numerous challenges including complex engineering issues and competition from the newly opened Erie Canal.

It was a testament to innovation with the first American-built locomotive, "Tom Thumb," which helped the B&O triumph over canal competition. It initiated major telegraph system developments, marking the first American railroad to put the telegraph into commercial use.

Its originally opened in 1830, reaching Wheeling, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1852. Post-Civil War, B&O expanded across Midwest, reaching Philadelphia, New Jersey, St. Louis, and for awhile even Kansas City.

Though financially turbulent during the 20th century, it ultimately became part of the modern CSX Transportation system in 1987. The B&O is remembered not merely as a transportation entity, but as a significant catalyst in the American industrial revolution.

72773626849809283672j2i9079-3907283479789.jpgBaltimore & Ohio 4-6-2 #5309 has a short train at North Ogden Avenue in Chicago on January 9, 1956. The Great Northern Chair Company can be seen in the background. American-Rails.com collection.

Types

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As the nation's first common-carrier, the B&O operated an array of different wheel arrangements, from the ubqitious 4-4-0 to the monster 2-8-8-4.

During the 19th century the railroad relied on the common types of that era, such as the American, Mogul, and early Consolidations (its first being purchased in 1873).

Into the modern, post-1900 time period the B&O acquired increasingly larger, heavier, and more powerful arrangements to handle freight and heavyweight passenger movements over the stiff grades found on its West End.

General freight movements tended to be operated by 2-8-2s, 4-8-2s, and 2-8-0s while large articulateds like 2-8-8-0s, 2-8-8-2s, and 2-8-8-4s worked heavy drag service. Passenger assignments were generally carried out by 4-6-2s and, in some cases, 4-8-2s.

The B&O was an early proponent of articulated/Mallet designs and, in fact, operated the first example in the U.S., 0-6-6-0 "Old Maude" completed at Alco's Schenectady Works in 1904. The locomotive was based from Anatole Mallet's 1885 concept and spearheaded on the B&O by superintendent of motive power, John E. Muhlfeld.

Ironically, however, the railroad was not a big proponent of compound steam. Its most famous large articulateds were the 2-8-8-4 EM-1s acquired in the mid-1940s from Baldwin.

Roster (After 1900)

Wheel Arrangement Class Number(s) Quantity Builder Date Built Retirement Notes
4-4-4 J-1 1/5330 (named the "Lady Baltimore") 1 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1934 1949 -
4-6-4 V-2 2/5340, "Lord Baltimore" 1 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1935 1949 -
0-4-0 C-13 76-77 2 Baldwin 1902 By 1948 -
0-6-0 D-29 91-94 4 Alco (Pittsburgh Works) 1900-1901 By 1930 Ex-Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton
0-4-0T C-16 96-99 4 Baldwin 1912 1944-1951 -
4-6-0 B-55 163 1 Baldwin 1906 1947 Ex-Morgantown & Kingwood
4-6-0 B-56 164 1 Baldwin 1909 1946 Ex-Morgantown & Kingwood
4-6-0 B-57 165-170 6 Alco (Schenectady) 1916 By 1938 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
4-6-0 B-58 171-180 10 Baldwin 1916 By 1953 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
0-6-0 D-35 330-332 3 Alco (Cooke Works) 1902 By 1928 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
0-6-0 D-36 333-335 3 Alco (Brooks Works) 1905 By 1934 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
0-6-0 D-37 336-338 3 Alco (Brooks Works) 1901 By 1934 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
0-6-0 D-38 339-343 5 Lima 1916 By 1934 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
0-6-0 D-30 350-369 20 Baldwin 1919 By 1956 USRA
0-6-0 D-30 370-389 20 Alco 1919 By 1956 USRA
0-6-0 D-44 390-394 3 Alco (Brooks Works) 1904 By 1954 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
2-8-0 E-37 413 1 Baldwin 1906 1936 Ex-Morgantown & Kingwood
2-8-0 E-38 414 1 Baldwin 1918 By 1939 Ex-Morgantown & Kingwood
2-8-0 E-39 415-416 2 Baldwin 1903 1947 Ex-Morgantown & Kingwood
2-8-0 E-40 417-422 6 Baldwin 1907-1909 By 1938 Ex-Morgantown & Kingwood
2-8-0 E-41 425-434 10 Baldwin 1916 By 1950 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
2-8-0 E-43 436 1 Baldwin 1900 1929 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
2-8-0 E-44 437-438 2 Alco (Schenectady) 1901 1929 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
2-8-0 E-45 439 1 Alco (Schenectady) 1905 1934 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
0-8-0 L-2 thru L-2c 600-714 115 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1924-1941 By 1959 Former E-27 2-8-0s
4-4-0 G-18 630 1 Baldwin 1903 By 1936 Ex-Morgantown & Kingwood
4-4-0 H-12 717-718 2 Baldwin 1905 By 1929 Ex-Coal & Coke
0-8-0 L-4, L-4a 772-789 18 Alco (Brooks Works) 1918, 1923 1956-1958 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
4-4-0 M-3 862-863 2 Baldwin 1906 By 1936 Ex-Coal & Coke
4-4-0 M-4 864 1 Baldwin 1912 1934 Ex-Coal & Coke
4-4-0 M-5 865-867 3 Alco (Brooks Works) 1904 By 1930 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
4-4-0 M-6/a 868-869 2 Alco (Schenectady Works) 1904, 1906 1929-1930 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
2-6-0 K-16 901-910 10 Baldwin 1911 By 1949 -
0-10-0 U 950-951 2 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1926-1927 1953 -
0-8-0 L-1, L-1a 1000-1085 86 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1923-1929 By 1959 Former E-24 2-8-0s
0-6-0 D-7 1137-1176 40 Alco (Richmond Works) and Baldwin 1901, 1903 By 1948 -
0-6-0 (Camelback) D-23 1180-1184 5 Baldwin 1906 By 1947 -
0-6-0 D-12 1197 1 Alco (Richmond Works) 1925 1953 -
4-6-0 B-17 1328-1336 9 Baldwin 1901 By 1935 Vauclain compound locomotives.
4-4-2 A-3 1424-1449 25 Baldwin 1910 1944 -
4-4-2 A, A-1 1450-1455 6 Baldwin 1900-1901 By 1929 Vauclain compound locomotives.
4-4-2 A-2 1456-1475 20 Alco (Schenectady) 1903 Retired between 1933 and 1947. -
4-4-2 A-9 1484-1485 2 Alco (Schenectady Works) 1904 1948 Ex-Buffalo & Susquehanna
4-4-2 A-10 1486 1 Alco (Brooks Works) 1906 1936 Ex-Buffalo & Susquehanna
4-4-2 A-6 1487-1488 2 Alco (Brooks Works) 1901 1937 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
4-4-2 A-6 1489-1491 3 Alco (Brooks Works) 1901 1936 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
4-4-2 A-8/a 1492-1496 5 Alco (Brooks Works) 1906-1909 1937 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
2-8-0 E-29 1706-1721 16 Alco (Brooks Works) 1905 By 1937 Ex-Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton
2-8-0 E-30 1722-1736 15 Baldwin 1905 By 1937 Ex-Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton
2-8-0 E-32 1737-1740 4 Baldwin 1904-1905 By 1939 Ex-Coal & Coke
2-8-0 (Compound) E-19 1771-1779, 1800-1899 109 Baldwin 1900-1901 By 1935 -
2-8-0 (Compound) E-18 1900-1938 39 Baldwin 1900 By 1936 -
2-8-0 (Compound) E-19 1939-1940 2 Baldwin 1900 By 1936 -
2-8-0 E-23 1955-1958 4 Alco (Schenectady) 1902 By 1925 -
2-8-0 E-19a 1959-1965 7 Baldwin 1903 By 1935 -
4-6-0 B-18 2000-2034 35 Alco (Rhode Island Works) 1901 By 1953 -
4-6-0 B-19 2035-2069 35 Baldwin 1901 By 1934 Vauclain compound locomotives.
2-8-0 E-24 2200-2397 198 Alco (Pittsburgh, Rogers, Richmond Works) 1902-1904 By 1956 -
2-6-0 K-17 2441-2450 10 Lima 1917 By 1954 -
2-8-0 E-27 2500-2913 414 Alco (Schenectady, Richmond Works) 1905-1910 By 1959 -
2-8-0 E-31 2914-2933 20 Alco (Brooks Works) 1910 By 1954 Ex-Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton
2-8-0 E-33 2934-2945 12 Baldwin 1903-1906 By 1950 Ex-Coal & Coke
2-8-0 E-34 2946-2949 4 Baldwin 1912-1913 By 1950 Ex-Coal & Coke
2-8-0 E-35 2950-2951 2 Baldwin 1914 By 1950 Ex-Coal & Coke
2-8-0 E-36 2952-2953 2 Baldwin 1916 By 1950 Ex-Coal & Coke
2-8-0 E-52 thru E-58 3010-3096 87 Baldwin, Alco (Brooks Works) 1901-1909 By 1950 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
2-8-0 E-60/a 3100-3142 43 Alco (Brooks, Pittsburgh Works) 1904-1908 By 1957 Ex-Buffalo & Susquehanna
2-8-2 Q-1 4000-4159 160 Baldwin 1911 By 1956 -
2-8-2 Q 4160-4161 2 Baldwin 1911-1912 1949 Rebuilt from 2-8-0s.
2-8-2 Q-2 4162-4169 8 Lima 1916 By 1950 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
2-8-2 Q-1b 4170-4219 50 Baldwin 1912 By 1956 -
2-8-2 Q-4/a/b 4400-4499, 4600-4634 135 Baldwin 1920-1923 By 1959 -
2-8-2 Q-3 4500-4599 100 Baldwin 1918 By 1959 -
2-8-2 Q-4d 4635-4637 3 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1941-1942 1955 -
2-8-2 Q-10 4700-4747 48 Alco (Brooks Works) 1912-1917 By 1959 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
4-6-2 P 5000-5034 35 Alco (Schenectady) 1906 By 1950 -
4-6-4 V-1 5047 1 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1933 1950 -
4-6-2 P-2 5095-5099 5 Alco (Schenectady) 1910 By 1948 Ex-Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton
4-6-2 P-3 5100-5129 30 Baldwin 1913 By 1952 -
4-6-2 P-4 5130-5139 10 Baldwin 1917 By 1953 Featured Vanderbilt tenders.
4-6-2 P-17 5140-5148 9 Alco (Brooks Works) 1912-1913 By 1953 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
4-6-2 P-18 5185-5192 8 Alco (Brooks Works) 1918 By 1953 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
4-6-2 P-8 5196-5199 4 Alco (Schenectady Works) 1924 By 1952 Ex-Cincinnati, Indianapolis & Western
4-6-2 P-5 5200-5219 20 Baldwin 1919 By 1956 USRA Light Locomotives
4-6-2 P-5 5220-5229 10 Alco (Schenectady) 1919 By 1956 USRA Light Locomotives
4-6-2 P-6 5230-5244 15 Baldwin 1922 By 1949 Featured Vanderbilt tenders.
4-6-2 P-19 5260-5264 5 Alco (Brooks Works) 1923 By 1953 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
4-6-2 P-7 5300-5319 20 Baldwin 1927 By 1958 Presidents Class
4-6-2 P-9 5320 1 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1928 1956 Class P-7 named "President Cleveland" featuring Caprotti valve gear and a watertube boiler. Rebuilt in 1945 to a standard P-7.
4-6-4 V-3 5350 1 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1935 1950 -
4-6-4 V-4 5360 1 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1936 1950 -
4-8-2 T 5500-5501 2 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1925-1926 1953 -
4-8-2 T-1 5510 1 Baldwin 1930 1951 -
4-8-2 T-2 5550 1 Baldwin 1930 1952 -
4-8-2 T-3 5555-5594 40 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1943-1948 By 1960 -
4-8-2 T-3 5650-5662 13 Baldwin 1935-1940 By 1958 Ex-Boston & Maine
4-4-4-4 N-1 5600, "George H. Emerson" 1 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1937 1950 Original duplex drive design.
2-10-2 S 6000-6030 31 Baldwin 1914 By 1953 -
2-10-2 S-1 6100-6224 125 Baldwin, Lima 1923-1926 By 1959 -
2-10-0 Y 6500-6507 8 Alco (Brooks Works) 1907-1909 By 1951 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
0-6-6-0 DD-1 7000 ("Old Maude") 1 Alco (Schenectady) 1904 1938 -
0-8-8-0 LL-1 7020-7049 30 Alco (Schenectady) 1911 By 1950 -
2-8-8-0 EL-4 7020, 7023, 7032-7033, 7036, 7038-7040, 7049 9 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1919-1923 By 1950 Ex-Class LL-1
2-8-8-0 EL-1 7100-7114 15 Baldwin 1916 By 1954 -
2-8-8-0 EL-3 7115-7144 30 Baldwin 1917 By 1952 -
2-8-8-0 EL-5 7145-7170 26 Baldwin 1919-1920 By 1954 -
2-8-8-0 EL-2 7200-7214 15 Baldwin 1916 By 1952 -
2-8-8-0 EL-6/a 7300-7315 16 B&O (Mount Clare Shops) 1922 (Sold to the B&O in November, 1920 and rebuilt as simple expansion engines in 1922.) By 1954 Ex-Seaboard Air Line 2-8-8-2s.
2-8-8-2 EE-2/a 7316-7324 9 Alco (Brooks Works) 1918-1923 1950-1951 Ex-Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh
2-6-6-2 KK-1 7400 1 Baldwin 1930 1953 Equipped with watertube firebox.
2-6-6-2 KK-2 7450 1 Baldwin 1930 1953 -
2-6-6-2 KK-4 7500-7554 55 Alco (Schenectady, Brooks Works) 1930 By 1951 -
2-8-8-4 EM-1 7600-7629 30 Baldwin 1944 By 1960 -
2-6-6-4 KB-1 7700-7709 10 Baldwin 1935-1937 1953 Ex-Seaboard Air Line

Sources

  • Drury, George H. Guide To North American Steam Locomotives: Revised Edition. Waukesha: Kalmbach Books, 2015.
  • Edson, William D. Steam Locomotives Of The Baltimore & Ohio: An All-Time Roster.  Potomac: William D. Edson, 1992.
  • Mainey, David. Baltimore & Ohio Steam In Color. Scotch Plains: Morning Sun Books, 2001.
  • Reynolds, Kirk and Oroszi, David. Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. Osceola: MBI Publishing, 2000.

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  38. Lake Shore & Michigan Southern: Map, History, Timetables

    Sep 10, 26 08:12 AM

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    Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway—Erie & Kalamazoo 1833, Michigan Southern to Chicago 1852, LS&MS April 6 1869, Vanderbilt, Ashtabula 1876, NYC merger Dec. 22 1914. 1910 map and Official Guide.

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  39. Big Four Route (CCC&StL): Map, History

    Sep 10, 26 12:19 AM

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    Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railway—Bee Line 1868, Ingalls’s first Big Four 1880, CCC&StL June 30, 1889, NYC lease Feb. 1, 1930. 1910 and 1930 maps, what still runs.

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  40. Railroads In The 1950s: Diesel, the Interstate & Passenger Collapse

    Sep 10, 26 12:15 AM

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    U.S. railroads 1950–1960—223,779 to 211,459 miles. Interstate June 29, 1956, dieselization, passenger collapse, TOFC, 1957–58 recession, NYO&W 1957, N&W–Virginian 1959.

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  41. New Jersey Christmas Train Rides (2026): A Complete Guide

    Sep 10, 26 12:06 AM

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    2026 New Jersey Christmas trains—Black River & Western Santa Express from Flemington and Pine Creek Christmas trains in Wall Township. Polar is Whippany and Phillipsburg.

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  42. New Mexico Christmas Train Rides (2026): A Complete Guide

    Sep 09, 26 11:57 PM

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    2026 New Mexico Christmas trains—Cumbres & Toltec Santa’s Holiday Express from Chama Dec. 5–6 (and Antonito, Colo., Dec. 12–13). Coach $25/$15. Not Polar Express.

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  43. Grand Trunk Railway: Map, History, Timetables

    Sep 09, 26 11:47 PM

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    Grand Trunk Railway of Canada—charter Nov. 10, 1852, Montreal–Toronto 1856, Portland, Sarnia, Victoria Bridge, St. Clair Tunnel 1891, Great Western 1882, GTPR, CN Jan. 20, 1923. 1893 map and Official…

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  44. Troop Trains In World War II: Sleepers, Kitchen Cars & Movements

    Sep 09, 26 11:42 PM

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    WWII U.S. troop trains—almost 44 million armed-services passengers, Pullman troop sleepers, ACF kitchen cars, hospital trains, monthly movement tables 1942–45. Not the Military Railway Service. ODT an…

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  45. Railroads In The 1940s: War Traffic, Last Steam & the Diesel Flood

    Sep 09, 26 11:37 PM

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    U.S. railroads 1940–1950—233,670 to 223,779 miles. World War II as the decade’s center, last new steam, diesel flood after V-J Day, 1945 car orders, California Zephyr 1949.

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  46. Railroads In World War II: ODT, Record Traffic & Private Operation

    Sep 09, 26 03:00 PM

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    U.S. railroads in World War II—Lend-Lease freight, Pearl Harbor, Office of Defense Transportation, 1944 peak ~740 billion ton-miles, Dec. 1943–Jan. 1944 seizure. Private operation, not a USRA sequel.

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  47. Montana Christmas Train Rides (2026): A Complete Guide

    Sep 09, 26 02:54 PM

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    2026 Montana Christmas trains—Charlie Russell Chew Choo North Pole Adventure from Hanover/Lewistown, Nov. 27–Dec. 19, $71, about 1.5 hours. Not Polar Express.

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  48. Railroads In The 1930s: Depression, Streamliners & the FT

    Sep 09, 26 09:32 AM

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    U.S. railroads 1930–1940—249,052 to 233,670 miles. Section 77, Eastman, Motor Carrier Act, M-10000 and Pioneer Zephyr 1934, EMC FT 1939. Decade frame, not the streamliner encyclopedia.

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  49. Sugar Cane Train (Lahaina): LK&P History, Roster & 2026 End

    Sep 09, 26 08:19 AM

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    Lahaina, Kaanapali & Pacific Sugar Cane Train—3-foot tourist line 1970–2014. Anaka, Myrtle, 2023 and 2025 fires, September 2026 scrapping. Roster, Hahakea trestle, Pioneer Mill corridor.

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  50. Massachusetts Christmas Train Rides (2026): A Complete Guide

    Sep 09, 26 08:16 AM

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    2026 Massachusetts Christmas trains—Shelburne Falls Moonlight Magic Friday Nov. 27; Edaville Festival of Lights in Carver. Polar is Cape Cod Central in Buzzards Bay.

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