B&O Track Charts: Newark Division (1964-1967)
Published: June 29, 2026
By: Adam Burns
A History Of The Newark Division
The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad (B&O), America’s first common-carrier railroad (chartered 1827), built a vast network across 13 states. In central and eastern Ohio, its Newark Division served as a critical hub for coal traffic from southeastern Ohio mines, funneling it northward to Lake Erie ports and supporting regional industry. Centered on Newark, Ohio, the division comprised mostly single-track lines radiating from a major yard and shop complex. It was never a high-speed mainline like the B&O’s routes to Chicago or St. Louis but was essential for coal, local freight, and some passenger service.
Newark became the operational heart of the division, with an extensive 12-track yard, heavy car shops (built 1873 and once described as “the most extensive… in the west”), and a 25-stall roundhouse. At various times it served as headquarters for the Lake Erie, Columbus, Shawnee, and Central Ohio operations.
Origins: The Central Ohio Railroad (Bellaire–Newark Subdivision)
The foundation was the Central Ohio Railroad, chartered in February 1847 by Zanesville interests to link the Ohio River at Bellaire (opposite Wheeling, West Virginia) with Columbus. Construction faced severe challenges: difficult terrain through Black Hand Gorge (Licking River), rock cuts, landslides, and the Muskingum River crossing at Zanesville.
Key milestones:
- Zanesville–Newark opened January 1852.
- Extended to Columbus in 1853.
- Full Bellaire–Columbus line completed November 1854 (approximately 103 miles from Bellaire to Newark, with the full route longer).
The line suffered from poor initial construction (unballasted roadbed, frequent derailments, inadequate facilities) and entered receivership in 1857. Civil War traffic helped it recover, exiting bankruptcy in late 1865. The B&O, which had taken an interest during the war, leased the Central Ohio in 1866 and began upgrades. A major improvement was the stone-and-steel Ohio River bridge at Bellaire (completed 1871, featuring impressive stone arches still visible today as the Great Stone Viaduct).
This subdivision formed the eastern backbone of the Newark Division. It featured grades up to 1.75% in places, sharp curves, and important bridges (including a notable Muskingum River span at Zanesville). Coal from Belmont, Guernsey, and Muskingum County mines was a primary commodity. Much of the line east of Cambridge was abandoned by the late 1980s under CSX; surviving segments operate today as part of the Columbus & Ohio River Railroad (CUOH) shortline.
Northward Expansion: The Lake Erie Subdivision (Sandusky Branch)
To reach Lake Erie and expand coal markets, the B&O gained control of the Sandusky, Mansfield & Newark Railroad (SM&N). Work on this line began in 1846; it opened fully in 1856 as a 4 ft 10 in “Ohio gauge” railroad from Sandusky to Newark (about 116 miles).
The B&O leased it in 1869 (through the Central Ohio) and quickly converted it to standard gauge. From a junction later named Willard (originally Chicago Junction), the B&O built westward to Chicago, making this route part of its main line from 1874 until the early 1890s, when a better route via Akron took precedence.
Thereafter it became a secondary coal-hauling line to Sandusky’s coal docks (three piers with steam dumpers by the late 1890s). Gentle grades (<1%) made it efficient for heavy trains. Passenger and express service continued for decades. Coal traffic shifted away from Sandusky by the 1950s; the line saw declining use and was progressively abandoned in the 1970s. Segments remain in use (e.g., Newark–Mt. Vernon and Mansfield–Willard), while others have become rail trails.
Coal Branches South and Southwest of Newark
Shawnee Subdivision (Rock Run Branch): Newark–Shawnee, ~44 miles.
Originated as the Newark, Somerset & Straitsville Railroad (chartered 1867, built ~1872). Leased to the SM&N/B&O and later purchased outright. This single-track line skirted Buckeye Lake, passed through Somerset and Junction City, and reached the heart of Perry County coal country at Shawnee (max grade 1.94%, with Bristol Tunnel). Multiple spurs served mines; a notable one was the Jobs Mines branch. Coal was the dominant traffic—hundreds of thousands of tons annually in the late 19th century, peaking at millions of tons system-wide in the 1920s. The branch also carried clay, brick, and tile products. It was abandoned in 1971.
Eastern Ohio Subdivision: Lore City–Cumberland, ~16 miles.
Built in 1873 southwest from Lore City (on the Central Ohio main) through Senecaville and Buffalo to Cumberland in Guernsey County. It served numerous coal mines (11 listed active in 1914) with dedicated “Lore City Turn” freight trains and a combination passenger/express/mail train. A locomotive water station operated at Blue Bell. The branch was abandoned in stages (mostly by the 1960s), with some access via other railroads into the late 1980s.
Southeast Connection: The Ohio & Little Kanawha Subdivision
This ~84-mile line ran southeast from Zanesville to a junction with the B&O Southwestern at Belpre (opposite Parkersburg, West Virginia). The oddly named Ohio & Little Kanawha Railroad was incorporated around 1900 and acquired by the B&O circa 1901–1904; it became part of the Newark Division. It primarily served as a coal and general freight feeder. Passenger service (three daily trains each way, about four hours end-to-end) ran until 1931. The line was relatively obscure but important for regional connectivity. It survived intact until flooding in the mid-1970s resulted in the then-Chessie System requesting formal abandonment, which was granted by the ICC and the line removed in 1976. Today, the section from Marietta to Relief remains in place, long operated by CSX to serve a now-defunct coal-fired power plant.
The Midland Subdivision and Other Elements
The Midland Subdivision (Columbus–Midland City, ~71 miles) connected westward/southwest from Columbus and was included in Newark Division operations in some periods. It supported local traffic and linked toward Cincinnati-area routes. Smaller branches included the St. Clairsville Branch (Neffs–St. Clairsville, coal-related) and various industrial spurs and mine branches.
The Columbus–Newark segment (part of the broader Columbus & Newark operations) was double- or multi-tracked in places and shared trackage with the Pennsylvania Railroad’s Panhandle line, handling significant traffic (up to dozens of trains daily at peaks).
Operations, Peak Years, and Facilities
Coal dominated traffic. Mines in eastern and southeastern Ohio fed hoppers northbound to Sandusky or local consumers. Newark’s shops and yard handled heavy maintenance. Passenger service included locals and some through trains in earlier decades. During World War II, coal movements reached extraordinary volumes system-wide. Helpers were often needed on steeper grades east of Newark.
Newark stood out as a major B&O facility in the Midwest, supporting not only the Newark Division but also broader Ohio operations.
Decline, Mergers, and Legacy
Like much of the American railroad industry, the Newark Division faced postwar challenges: declining coal demand, truck competition, and changing traffic patterns. The B&O came under C&O control in the 1960s and became part of the Chessie System, then CSX Transportation in 1980. Many single-track branches were rationalized and abandoned in the 1970s–1990s.
Today:
- Remnants of the Central Ohio line operate as the CUOH shortline.
- Portions of the former Lake Erie line remain active or are rail trails.
- Most coal branches (Shawnee/Rock Run, Eastern Ohio, O&LK) are gone, though traces, rights-of-way, and historical markers survive.
- Newark’s once-bustling yard and shops are largely redeveloped or gone, though the area retains railroad heritage interest.
The Newark Division exemplifies how the B&O assembled a patchwork of older lines into a functional regional network optimized for Ohio’s coal resources. While never as famous as the Royal Blue or Capitol Limited passenger trains, its lines moved millions of tons of coal and helped shape the economic development of central and eastern Ohio for over a century.
Charts
Recent Articles
-
B&O Railroad Museum Rebrands
Jul 15, 26 03:23 PM
The historic B&O Railroad Museum, long celebrated as a cornerstone of American railroad heritage, announced on July 14, 2026, that it is changing its name to the National Museum of Railroad History… -
Amtrak’s Empire Builder – Complete Scenic Route Guide 2026
Jul 15, 26 12:56 PM
Complete 2026 guide to Amtrak’s Empire Builder. Route overview, best scenic sections, schedules, what to expect, and tips for riding this iconic long-distance train through the northern United States. -
Washington ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 15, 26 11:39 AM
Here’s a detailed look at where and how to ride, what to expect, and practical tips to make the most of wine tasting by rail in Washington. -
Kentucky ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 15, 26 11:37 AM
Kentucky, often celebrated for its rolling pastures, thoroughbred horses, and bourbon legacy, has been cultivating another gem in its storied landscapes; enjoying wine by rail. -
Best THE POLAR EXPRESS™ Train Rides Across the United States 2026
Jul 15, 26 11:04 AM
Discover the best THE POLAR EXPRESS™ Train Rides in the US for 2026. Top locations, what to expect, dates, and tips for this magical holiday experience based on the beloved story. -
Indiana ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 15, 26 09:20 AM
This piece explores the allure of murder mystery trains and why they are becoming a must-try experience for enthusiasts and casual travelers alike. -
Ohio ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 15, 26 09:14 AM
The murder mystery dinner train rides in Ohio provide an immersive experience that combines fine dining, an engaging narrative, and the beauty of Ohio's landscapes. -
Arizona ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 15, 26 09:06 AM
Let's delve into the captivating world of Arizona's Wild West train adventures, currently offered at the popular Grand Canyon Railway. -
Michigan ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 15, 26 08:49 AM
While the term 'wild west' often conjures up images of dusty plains and expansive deserts, Michigan offers its own unique take on this thrilling period of history. -
Amtrak’s Coast Starlight – Complete Scenic Route Guide 2026
Jul 14, 26 02:24 PM
Complete 2026 guide to Amtrak’s Coast Starlight. Route highlights, best scenic sections, schedules, what to expect, and tips for riding one of America’s most beautiful long-distance trains. -
Best Steam-Powered Scenic Train Rides in the Eastern U.S. 2026
Jul 14, 26 01:21 PM
Discover the best steam-powered scenic train rides in the Eastern U.S. for 2026. From Cass Scenic Railroad Shays to Strasburg and other heritage steam operations — schedules, highlights, and tips. -
Indiana - Beer Tasting - Train Rides
Jul 14, 26 12:34 PM
On select dates, the French Lick Scenic Railway adds a social twist with its popular Beer Tasting Train—a 21+ evening built around craft pours, rail ambience, and views you can’t get from the highway. -
Wisconsin ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 14, 26 12:10 PM
Through a unique blend of interactive entertainment and historical reverence, Wisconsin offers a captivating glimpse into the past with its Wild West train rides. -
Georgia ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 14, 26 11:46 AM
Nestled within its lush hills and historic towns, the Peach State offers unforgettable train rides that channel the spirit of the Wild West. -
Florida ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 14, 26 11:34 AM
Wine by train not only showcases the beauty of Florida's lesser-known regions but also celebrate the growing importance of local wineries and vineyards. -
Texas ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 14, 26 10:05 AM
This article invites you on a metaphorical journey through some of these unique wine tasting train experiences in Texas. -
New Mexico ~ Wine Tasting ~Train Rides
Jul 14, 26 09:26 AM
For oenophiles and adventure seekers alike, wine tasting train rides in New Mexico provide a unique opportunity to explore the region's vineyards in comfort and style. -
Tennessee ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 14, 26 09:10 AM
Amidst the rolling hills and scenic landscapes of Tennessee, an exhilarating and interactive experience awaits those with a taste for mystery and intrigue. -
California ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 14, 26 09:01 AM
When it comes to experiencing the allure of crime-solving sprinkled with delicious dining, California's murder mystery dinner train rides have carved a niche for themselves among both locals and touri… -
North Carolina ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 13, 26 01:49 PM
North Carolina, a state known for its diverse landscapes ranging from serene beaches to majestic mountains, offers a unique blend of history and adventure through its Wild West train rides. -
Pennsylvania ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 13, 26 01:45 PM
The Keystone State is home to a variety of historical attractions, but few experiences can rival the excitement and nostalgia of a Wild West train ride. -
New York ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 13, 26 01:40 PM
This article will delve into the history, offerings, and appeal of wine tasting trains in New York, guiding you through a unique experience that combines the romance of the rails with the sophisticati… -
Michigan ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 13, 26 01:35 PM
In this article, we’ll delve into the world of Michigan’s wine tasting train experiences that cater to both wine connoisseurs and railway aficionados. -
Illinois ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 13, 26 01:32 PM
Among Illinois's scenic train rides, one of the most unique and captivating experiences is the murder mystery excursion. -
Vermont ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 13, 26 01:28 PM
There are currently murder mystery dinner trains offered in Vermont but until recently the Champlain Valley Dinner Train offered such a trip! -
The Flying Scotsman’s American Adventure: LNER 4472’s U.S. Tour
Jul 13, 26 12:02 PM
In the fall of 1969, a gleaming British steam locomotive unlike anything most Americans had ever seen rolled into Boston and spent the next four years touring the U.S. -
Amtrak's California Zephyr – Complete Scenic Route Guide 2026
Jul 12, 26 01:04 PM
Explore Amtrak’s California Zephyr, one of America’s most scenic long-distance train routes. Complete 2026 guide with highlights, best times to ride, what to expect, photography tips, and fall foliage… -
Alabama ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 12, 26 12:25 PM
Although Alabama isn't the traditional setting for Wild West tales, the state provides its own flavor of historic rail adventures that draw enthusiasts year-round. -
Indiana ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 12, 26 12:22 PM
In this article, we'll delve into the experience of wine tasting trains in Indiana, exploring their routes, services, and the rising popularity of this unique adventure. -
South Dakota ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 12, 26 12:04 PM
For wine enthusiasts and adventurers alike, South Dakota introduces a novel way to experience its local viticulture: wine tasting aboard the Black Hills Central Railroad. -
New Mexico ~ Murder Mystery ~ Train Rides
Jul 12, 26 11:41 AM
Among Sky Railway's most theatrical offerings is “A Murder Mystery,” a 2–2.5 hour immersive production that drops passengers into a stylized whodunit on the rails. -
Michigan ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 12, 26 11:36 AM
Among the lesser-known treasures of this state are the intriguing murder mystery dinner train rides—a perfect blend of suspense, dining, and scenic exploration. -
Best Christmas and Holiday Train Rides in the Eastern U.S. 2026
Jul 12, 26 11:05 AM
Discover the best Christmas and holiday train rides in the Eastern U.S. for 2026, including Polar Express experiences, Santa trains, and festive scenic journeys. Plan your magical rail adventure this… -
New York ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 12, 26 09:53 AM
Join us as we explore wild west train rides in New York, bringing history to life and offering a memorable escape to another era. -
Ohio ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 12, 26 09:38 AM
For those enamored with tales of the Old West, Ohio's railroad experiences offer a unique blend of history, adventure, and natural beauty. -
Western Pacific's 4-6-6-4 "Challengers" (M-100)
Jul 11, 26 11:29 PM
In the late 1930s, the Western Pacific stood at a crossroads. Traffic volumes were recovering from the Great Depression, and the railroad needed more powerful, faster locomotives to move longer freigh… -
Cass Scenic Railroad Fall Foliage Trips 2026 – Complete Guide
Jul 11, 26 04:28 PM
Plan your 2026 fall foliage trip on the Cass Scenic Railroad. Complete guide to the Bald Knob route, schedules, what to expect, photography tips, and why this West Virginia steam train ride is one of… -
Best Fall Foliage Scenic Train Rides in the Eastern United States 2026
Jul 11, 26 03:16 PM
Discover the best fall foliage train rides in the Eastern U.S. for 2026. From steam-powered mountain climbs in West Virginia to scenic heritage railroads across the Appalachians and beyond — plan your… -
Missouri ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 11, 26 11:27 AM
In Missouri, a state rich in history and natural beauty, you can experience the thrill of a bygone era through the scenic and immersive Wild West train rides. -
Indiana ~ Wild West ~ Train Rides
Jul 11, 26 11:17 AM
Indiana offers a unique opportunity to experience the thrill of the Wild West through its captivating train rides. -
North Carolina ~ Whiskey Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 11, 26 11:05 AM
One of the GSMR's most distinctive special events is Spirits on the Rail, a bourbon-focused dining experience built around curated drinks and a chef-prepared multi-course meal. -
West Virginia ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 11, 26 10:45 AM
West Virginia, often celebrated for its breathtaking landscapes and rich history, offers visitors a unique way to explore its rolling hills and picturesque vineyards: wine tasting trains. -
Utah ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 11, 26 10:42 AM
Utah, a state widely celebrated for its breathtaking natural beauty and dramatic landscapes, is also gaining recognition for an unexpected yet delightful experience: wine tasting trains. -
Virginia ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 11, 26 10:12 AM
Among the state's railroad attractions, murder mystery dinner trains stand out as a captivating fusion of theatrical entertainment, fine dining, and scenic travel. -
Maryland ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 11, 26 10:02 AM
Maryland is known for its scenic landscapes, historical landmarks, and vibrant culture, but did you know that it’s also home to some of the most thrilling murder mystery dinner trains? -
U.S. Rail Traffic Surges 8.7% in Holiday Week Ending July 4, 2026
Jul 10, 26 03:39 PM
Despite the Independence Day holiday (which fell on a Saturday), U.S. freight railroads delivered an impressive performance, posting an 8.7% year-over-year increase in total traffic -
APSL Nears Acquisition Of B&O Depot In Paw Paw, WV
Jul 10, 26 11:44 AM
After decades of quiet abandonment, a dedicated preservation effort by the Allegany Preservation Society Limited (APSL) is racing to secure its future— having already raised approximately 90 percent o… -
Minnesota ~ Murder Mystery ~ Dinner Train Rides
Jul 10, 26 10:05 AM
Murder mystery dinner trains offer an enticing blend of suspense, culinary delight, and perpetual motion, where passengers become both detectives and dining companions on an unforgettable journey. -
Georgia - Murder Mystery - Dinner Train Rides
Jul 10, 26 09:32 AM
In the heart of the Peach State, a unique form of entertainment combines the thrill of a murder mystery with the charm of a historic train ride. -
Vermont ~ Wine Tasting ~ Train Rides
Jul 10, 26 09:29 AM
Known for its stunning green mountains, charming small towns, and burgeoning wine industry, Vermont offers a unique experience that seamlessly blends all these elements: wine tasting train rides.
